The kidneys begin to shrink slightly months before any measurable decline in kidney function occurs. The researchers identified this trend using CT scans analyzed by an AI-powered algorithm. They also observed similar changes in the spleen. In the future, these findings could help adapt treatments earlier to prevent organ damage. In their latest study, researchers from the departments of radiology and nuclear medicine at TUM University Hospital evaluated data from 121 patients undergoing treatment for prostate cancer with lutetium-177 PSMA.

This radioligand therapy a targeted form of nuclear medicine is relatively new and shows promise for treating specific tumor types. However, one potential side effect is a decline in kidney function over the course of treatment. In an earlier study, we found that patients whose kidney function worsened after lutetium-177 PSMA therapy showed changes in kidney structure, says lead author Dr. Lisa Steinhelfer. Since it's not feasible to routinely take tissue samples, we wanted to explore whether these changes could be detected using less invasive methods.

Dr. Steinhelfer and her colleagues opted for an approach that does not place any additional burden on patients. CT scans and blood tests are part of standard cancer care in order to monitor treatment progress. The Munich researchers examined various indicators in these routinely collected data to find early signs of kidney damage. While factors such as kidney length or patient age did not yield reliable predictions, changes in kidney volume proved to be a strong signal: when kidney volume decreased by 10% or more within six months of starting treatment, there was a high likelihood that kidney function would decline significantly within an additional six months.

Source: http://tum.de/en/news-and-events/all-news/press-releases/details/ai-based-image-analysis-detects-early-organ-damage